Types of obesity surgery; Which surgery is best for obesity? What is the most common obesity surgery? When is surgery recommended for obesity? Gastric reduction surgery is a general term. In short, it is a concept that includes bariatric surgeries. In other words, there are many different gastric reduction surgeries, and in this article, we will provide information about The 5 Most Preferred Gastric Reduction (Obesity) Surgery Types. These types of surgeries are not optional surgeries. The person who will decide which surgery is right for you is your surgeon. Your body type, weight, health status, age and even gender are the decisively factors for choosing between these types of surgery.
Obesity surgery, also known as bariatric surgery, is a treatment option for individuals who have not been successful with other weight loss methods such as diet and exercise. There are several types of obesity surgery, each with its own benefits and considerations. The most common types of obesity surgery include gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and gastric banding.
Gastric bypass surgery is considered one of the most effective types of obesity surgery. During this procedure, the surgeon creates a small pouch at the top of the stomach and connects it directly to the small intestine, bypassing a portion of the stomach and the small intestine. This results in reduced food intake and decreased absorption of nutrients, leading to weight loss. Sleeve gastrectomy involves removing a large portion of the stomach, leaving behind a smaller sleeve-shaped stomach. This restricts the amount of food that can be consumed, leading to weight loss. Sleeve gastrectomy is less invasive than gastric bypass and does not involve rerouting the intestines.
Gastric banding, also known as laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, involves placing a band around the upper part of the stomach to create a small pouch. The band can be adjusted to control the size of the opening between the pouch and the rest of the stomach, regulating food intake. Gastric banding is a reversible procedure and does not involve cutting or stapling the stomach or rerouting the intestines.
The best type of obesity surgery for an individual depends on various factors such as their overall health, body mass index (BMI), and weight loss goals. It is important for individuals considering obesity surgery to consult with a healthcare provider to determine the most suitable option based on their unique circumstances. Surgery for obesity is recommended for individuals with a BMI of 40 or higher, or a BMI of 35 or higher with obesity-related health conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, or sleep apnea. It may also be considered for individuals with a BMI of 30 or higher who have not been successful with other weight loss methods.
In addition to BMI, other factors such as overall health, motivation to make lifestyle changes, and willingness to commit to long-term follow-up care are taken into consideration when determining if surgery is recommended for obesity. It is important for individuals to undergo a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare provider specializing in obesity management to assess their candidacy for surgery.
Types of Obesity Surgery
Types of obesity surgery; Obesity is a chronic condition that affects millions of people worldwide, leading to various health complications. For those struggling with severe obesity, surgery may be a viable option to achieve long-term weight loss. There are different types of obesity surgery available, each with its own benefits and considerations.
1. Gastric Bypass Surgery
Gastric bypass surgery is one of the most common and effective procedures for weight loss. This surgery involves creating a small pouch at the top of the stomach and connecting it directly to the small intestine. By bypassing a significant portion of the stomach and the upper part of the small intestine, this procedure restricts the amount of food that can be consumed and limits the absorption of nutrients.
One of the key advantages of gastric bypass surgery is its ability to produce significant and sustained weight loss. Studies have shown that patients can expect to lose around 60-80% of their excess weight within the first year after surgery. Additionally, this procedure has been found to improve or resolve many obesity-related health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea.
It is important to note that gastric bypass surgery is a major operation and carries potential risks and complications. Patients must commit to making significant lifestyle changes, including adopting a healthier diet and incorporating regular exercise into their daily routine. Close monitoring and follow-up care are crucial to ensure the long-term success of this procedure.
2. Sleeve Gastrectomy
Sleeve gastrectomy, also known as gastric sleeve surgery, is another popular option for weight loss. This procedure involves removing a large portion of the stomach, leaving behind a smaller, banana-shaped sleeve. By reducing the stomach’s size, sleeve gastrectomy restricts the amount of food that can be consumed and promotes a feeling of fullness with smaller portions.
Sleeve gastrectomy offers several advantages, including significant weight loss and improvement in obesity-related health conditions. Studies have shown that patients can expect to lose around 50-60% of their excess weight within the first year after surgery. This procedure is also associated with a lower risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies compared to gastric bypass surgery.
However, it is important to consider that sleeve gastrectomy is a non-reversible procedure, meaning that the removed portion of the stomach cannot be restored. Additionally, while this surgery is generally safe, there are potential risks and complications, including leakage, bleeding, and infection. Close follow-up care and adherence to dietary and lifestyle changes are crucial for long-term success.
3. Gastric Banding
Gastric banding, also known as adjustable gastric band surgery, involves placing an inflatable band around the upper part of the stomach, creating a small pouch. The band can be adjusted by adding or removing saline solution, allowing for customization of the restriction on food intake.
One of the key advantages of gastric banding is its reversibility. Unlike gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding can be removed if necessary. Additionally, this procedure is less invasive compared to other types of obesity surgery, resulting in a shorter hospital stay and a faster recovery time.
However, it is important to note that gastric banding has a lower success rate compared to gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy. Studies have shown that patients typically lose around 40-50% of their excess weight within the first year after surgery. Additionally, close follow-up care and adjustments to the band’s tightness are necessary to ensure optimal weight loss and prevent complications such as band slippage or erosion.
4. Which Surgery is Best for Obesity?
Determining the best surgery for obesity depends on various factors, including an individual’s overall health, body mass index (BMI), and personal preferences. It is crucial to consult with a qualified healthcare professional, such as a bariatric surgeon, to evaluate the options and make an informed decision.
Gastric bypass surgery is often recommended for individuals with a higher BMI and those who have obesity-related health conditions such as type 2 diabetes. This procedure offers significant weight loss and the potential for improvement or resolution of comorbidities. However, it is a major surgery with potential risks and complications.
Sleeve gastrectomy is a suitable option for individuals with a lower BMI or those who prefer a less invasive procedure. It offers substantial weight loss and improvement in obesity-related health conditions. However, it is important to consider the non-reversible nature of this surgery.
Gastric banding may be a suitable choice for individuals who prefer a reversible procedure or have concerns about the invasiveness of other surgeries. However, it is important to note that gastric banding has a lower success rate and requires ongoing adjustments and follow-up care.
In conclusion, there are different types of obesity surgery available, each with its own advantages and considerations. Gastric bypass surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, and gastric banding are among the most common procedures for weight loss. The choice of surgery depends on individual factors and should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional. Regardless of the type of surgery chosen, it is essential to commit to long-term lifestyle changes to achieve and maintain successful weight loss.
Restrictive obesity surgeries
Obesity surgeries can be of the restrictive type, where the volume of the stomach is reduced, or of the restrictive and absorption-reducing type, which aims to reduce the volume of the stomach and reduce the intake of nutrients and calories. Which surgery will be performed is decided by discussing the patient’s body mass index, comorbidities, success rates and risks in detail. There is no obesity surgery that is considered the general standard. However, in recent years, tube stomach surgery has become the most practiced method. However, the surgeon will make recommendations to the patient on the choice of surgery, taking into account the characteristics of the patient. For example, in a patient with severe gastroesophageal reflux, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass may be the first choice. In short; The 5 Most Preferred Gastric Reduction (Obesity) Surgery Types can be preferred depends on many factors and is variable.
Restrictive and malabsorbtive (Malabsorbtive) Obesity Surgeries
The best example of such methods is gastric bypass surgery. It is one of the most effective methods used in morbid obesity surgery. But since it is technically a heavy operation, it requires a very experienced team. It is an irreversible technique, as the direction of flow of the stomach and intestines is changed. In addition to reducing the volume of the stomach, the digestive tract through which food passes is also changed October which is aimed at reducing absorption. Because type 2 diabetes is better controlled in these types of surgeries, they are also called sugar surgery or metabolic surgery. There are many types of metabolic surgery that are accepted today. Which surgery is appropriate depends on the patient or the surgeon’s habits.
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (Tube Stomach Operation)
Tube Gastric Surgery (Sleeve Gastrectomy) is performed by laparoscopic (closed) method and under general anesthesia. It is the most frequently applied obesity surgery method especially in the recent period. From an average distance of 3 to 6 cm from the pylorus, the stomach is formed into a tube up to the esophagus with the support of special instruments. It is technically one of the best surgeries and one of the best among bariatric surgeries. After the procedure, which takes about 45 minutes, about 75-80% of the stomach is removed. Tube stomach surgery helps to lose weight through 3 mechanisms.
Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass) (Stomach Bypass)
It is one of the most preferred surgeries among The 5 Most Preferred Gastric Reduction (Obesity) Surgery Types. Gastric Bypass refers to the creation of a passageway from the stomach to the intestines in general surgery. It is a method applied in various diseases that clogs the gastric outlet. Among the obesity surgeries, in Gastric Bypass surgery, a large part of the stomach is removed and the food taken is digested with half of the intestines. In this surgery, an important part of the duodenum is canceled and the remaining small part is connected to the stomach and intestines. It is aimed that both the amount of food consumed decreases and the absorption of the food taken is minimal. Gastric bypass surgery performed laparoscopically is performed with special tools through 5-6 small holes drilled into the abdominal skin. It takes an average of 2 hours. Patients become able to stand up 3-4 hours after the end of the operation. It can be discharged after 3-5 days.
Biliopancreatic Diversion
Another name for this operation is Duodenal Switch (DS or BPD-DS). It is commonly called as Biliopancreatic Diversion. It has a very small proportion of all obesity surgeries. It is a rare operation. It is often an option in revisions. In this operation, the stomach is reduced in the same way as in sleeve gastrectomy. After that, the small intestine is cut 2-3 cm ahead of the stomach exit and closed to the food entrance. The duodenum connected with the stomach is connected to each other by the small intestine, which is brought from below compared to other surgeries. Thus, the volume of the stomach is reduced and the intake of food is reduced. However, because the amount of the small intestine that has been bypassed is too large, food absorption is also significantly reduced. It is more weight-losing than other bypass methods. It is also effective, although not as effective as ileal interposition in diabetes control. However, due to the fact that a serious malabsorption disorder that is not seen in ileal interposition surgery, known as diabetes surgery, is seen in duodenal switch surgery, the patient needs vitamin mineral and protein supplements for life.
Non-surgical Obesity Treatment Types
If your doctor absolutely recommends a surgical method, he will choose the most appropriate type of surgery among The 5 Most Preferred Gastric Reduction (Obesity) Surgery Types. Since calorie intake should be restricted in order for the patient to lose weight, the most common practice that does not require surgical intervention from the methods that will help it is the application of a gastric balloon. The swallowed gastric balloon has the same effect as the endoscopic gastric balloon. It takes up space in the stomach, restricts food intake and allows a person to lose weight by eating less with a constant feeling of satiety.
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